Denver Public Library Western History/Genealogy Digital Collections

- Baltimore & Ohio R.R. Soap Box Derby loco. Arlington Tower, Akron, OH, eng. 5207
- View of Baltimore & Ohio steam locomotive # 5207 stopped on the tracks near Akron (Summit County), Ohio. Shows a painting of a Soap Box Derby coaster car, lettering on the locomotive reads: "5207," "B&O," "Lima," "Tom Barnes locomotive courtesy of...
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; International Soap Box Derby, Inc.--Public relations.; Akron (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Publicity.; Railroad locomotives.
- 1947 August 17
- B & O 7618 (2-8-8-4), 5304 (4-6-2) exhibit special leaving Akron Jct., OH
- Baltimore & Ohio freight cars carry antique locomotives and open railroad passenger and observation carriages and coaches in Akron Junction (Summit County), Ohio. Signs identify the exhibits. Lettering on the locomotives and carriages read:...
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--Exhibitions & displays.; Akron Junction (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad freight cars.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroad observation cars.; Railroad passenger cars.
- 1948 July 1
- Put-in-Bay, Hotel Victory from Bay
- View of Put-In-Bay and the Victory Hotel, a Victorian style hotel built on the shore of South Bass Island on Lake Erie, Ottawa County, Ohio.
- Hotel Victory (Put-in-Bay, Ohio)--1880-1900.; Ottawa County (Ohio)--1880-1900.; Put-in-Bay (Ohio : Bay)--1880-1900.; Put-in-Bay (Ohio)--1880-1900.; Bays (Bodies of water)--Ohio--Put-in-Bay--1880-1900.; Hotels--Ohio--Put-in-Bay--1880-1900.;...
- [between 1880 and 1900?]
- Wheeling & Lake Erie Ry. pass. train south on Ohio River bridge from "Canton" while moving, Martin's Ferry, Ohio.
- Smoke rises from a Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway Company passenger train as it travels over a truss bridge on the Ohio River in Martins Ferry (Belmont County), Ohio. Shows a person on a multi-level staircase beneath the bridge.
- Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway Company--1930-1940.; Martins Ferry (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Ohio River--1930-1940.; Railroad bridges--Ohio--Martins Ferry--1930-1940.; Railroads--Ohio--Martins Ferry--1930-1940.; Rivers--Ohio--Martins Ferry--1930-1940.
- 1938 June 26
- The Gold Links Mine & Mill
- View of the Gold Links Mill, Ohio City (Ohio, Gunnison County), Colorado as smoke spews from smokestacks. Shows wood frame and log buildings, horses and outhouses. A road is in the distance.
- Gold Links Mine (Gunnison County, Colo.)--1900-1910.; Ohio City (Colo.)--1900-1910.; Mine buildings--Colorado--Ohio City--1900-1910.; Mining--Colorado--Ohio City--1900-1910.
- 1908
- Norfolk & Western Ry. 2-8-6-2 #2093 on Ohio Midland Ry. near Newark, Ohio.
- View of Norfolk & Western Railway locomotive #2093 on a curve on probably Ohio Midland Railroad Company tracks near Newark (Licking County), Ohio. Shows utility poles beside the railroad tracks.
- Norfolk and Western Railway Company--1940-1950.; Ohio Midland Railroad Company--Facilities--1940-1950.; Newark (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives--Ohio--Newark--1940-1950.; Railroads--Ohio--Newark--1940-1950.
- 1940 July 21
- University Park School Building Plans
- Town Hall, Ohio City, Colo.
- View of the town hall at Ohio City, Colorado located on 8503 County Road 76 in Gunnison County. The building has a board and batten false wood front, tin siding embossed in a stone block pattern, and a corner entrance. Originally constructed as a...
- City halls--Colorado--Ohio City--1990-2000.; Ohio City (Colo.)--1990-2000.; City halls--Colorado--Ohio City--Pictorial works.; Ohio City (Colo.)--Pictorial works.
- 1999
- L.T. & P.
- W. E. Aumak (a motorman) and Mrs. Richardson pose with a Lancaster Traction & Power Company interurban streetcar in Lancaster (Fairfield County), Ohio.
- Richardson, Robert W.--Family.; Lancaster Traction & Power Co.--1930-1940.; Lancaster (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Electric railroads--Ohio--Lancaster--1930-1940.; Street railroad employees--Ohio--Lancaster--1930-1940.; Streets--Ohio--Lancaster--1930-1940.;...
- 1937 October 9
- Ohio River & Western Ry. (Pennsylvania RR subsidiary) 3' gauge Ozark, Ohio, office car #5 - off trucks 8 years after railroad abandoned.
- Ohio River and Western Railway narrow gauge office car number 5 is on display in a grassy yard near a barn in Ozark (Monroe County), Ohio. The office car reads: "Pennsylvania." The wood paneled car sits on blocks.
- Ohio River & Western Railway Co.--1930-1940.; Ozark (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Railroad cars--Ohio--Ozark--1930-1940.
- 1939 July 4
- Denver South Park & Pacific
- View of probably Ohio Creek below Ohio Pass near Crested Butte in Gunnison County, Colorado. An unfinished rock retaining wall and railroad grade started by the Denver, South Park & Pacific Railroad are in the distance.
- Gunnison County (Colo.)--1950-1960.; Ohio Creek (Gunnison County, Colo.)--1950-1960.; Ohio Pass (Colo.)--1950-1960.; Railroads--Colorado--Gunnison County--1950-1960.; Retaining walls--Colorado--Gunnison County--1950-1960.; Denver, South Park, and...
- 1955 August
- B & O hand wreck crane D32 lt wt. 40,900, PO 9-37 Portsmouth terminal, OH
- View of a Baltimore & Ohio wreck crane, flat car and a hopper car at the yards in Portsmouth (Scioto County), Ohio. Lettering on the crane reads: "B & O D 32 LT WT 40900 PO 9-37." Lettering on the hopper car reads: "B & O 235768 Baltimore & Ohio."...
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1930-1940.; Portsmouth (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Hoisting machinery.; Railroad freight cars.
- 1939 January 1
- Smoke, B & O engine # 7406 (2-6-6-2) on freight, rear 3/4 view, Bridgeport, OH
- A Baltimore and Ohio locomotive with tanker cars is stopped at the railroad depot in Bridgeport (Belmont County), Ohio. Signs on the station reads: "Bridgeport" and "Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Freight & Passenger Station." A truck is parked beside...
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Bridgeport (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroad stations.; Railroad tank cars.; Railroads.; Water tanks.
- 1940 July 7
- Descendants of Fernan Lainez and Jimena Nunez de Castro
- Detailed description of the descendants of New Mexico pioneering family Fernan Lainez and Jimena Nunez de Castro.
- Hispanic Americans--New Mexico--Genealogy.; Spaniards--New Mexico--Genealogy.; Mexican Americans--New Mexico--Genealogy.; New Mexico--Genealogy.
- 2002 April
- Baltimore & Ohio R.R. eng. 7161 somewhere in Ohio
- Baltimore and Ohio steam locomotive #7161 with a consist of freight cars passes a water tank and a two story frame house at an unidentified location in Ohio.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Akron (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Houses.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroads.; Water tanks.
- ca. 1940
- Ohio City, Colorado Museum, Gunnison County
- View of a frame building in Ohio City, Gunnison County, Colorado; sign reads: "Ohio City, Colo. Museum, 1962, Margaret R. Flick."
- Ohio City (Colo.)--1970-1980.; Galleries & museums--Colorado--Ohio City--1970-1980.
- August 1978
- Survey crew
- Union Pacific railroad survey crew members pose in their camp along the Grand (Colorado) River with two dogs and their transit, rods, levels, and axes, near Glenwood Springs, Colorado. They include: "1. J. I. Barlow, Div Engr. state: Mass.; 2....
- Union Pacific Railroad Company--1880-1890.; Colorado River (Colo.-Mexico)--1880-1890.; Railroad employees--Colorado--1880-1890.
- [between 1884 and 1890]
- Freight approaching Tallmadge Ave. crossing
- View of a Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company double header freight train by brick houses in Akron, Ohio. The locomotives vent smoke.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Akron (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroads--Ohio--Akron--1940-1950.
- 1940 February 11
- L.T. & P. the head of parade cars #18 and 6 turning off Main St. on run to tram in midst of crowd. Last day of street service Lancaster, Ohio.
- People crowd Main Street around Lancaster Traction & Power Company interurban streetcars #18 and #6, in a parade on the last day of service, in Lancaster (Fairfield County), Ohio. Houses and businesses line the street.
- Lancaster Traction & Power Co.--1930-1940.; Lancaster (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Commercial streets--Ohio--Lancaster--1930-1940.; Electric railroads--Ohio--Lancaster--1930-1940.; Parades & processions--Ohio--Lancaster--1930-1940.;...
- 1937 October 30
- B & O 5:33 P.M. eastbound passenger from rear from St. Clair bridge, Cleveland, Ohio
- View of a Baltimore & Ohio passenger train in the railroad yards in Cleveland, Ohio. Shows automobiles parked near the railroad tracks, a line of cabooses, freight cars, railroad buildings, and factories with stacks belching smoke.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Cleveland (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Industrial facilities.; Railroad facilities.; Railroad shops & yards.; Railroads.
- 1940 August 3
- B & O doubleheader east just after passing camera at Barberton, Ohio, Eng. 6148, lead eng. unknown
- View of two Baltimore & Ohio steam locomotives hooked in tandem, at a railroad crossing in Barberton (Summit County), Ohio. A man and boys stand near the railroad crossing signal. Buildings are in the distance.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1930-1940.; Barberton (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Railroad crossings.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroad signals.
- 1939 August 13
- B & O gas-electric train Portsmouth-Parkersburg, model 250 bull combine #6033, R.P.O - express #6173, Portsmouth, Ohio
- A Baltimore & Ohio gas-electric motor car with a baggage car is parked in the yards at Portsmouth, Ohio. "6033" is lettered on the front of the doodlebug. Buildings and railroad cars are in the distance.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1930-1940.; Portsmouth (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Railroad motor cars.; Railroads.
- 1939 January 1
- Baltimore & Ohio Eng. # 7618, 5304 & exhibit train leaving Akron Jct.
- Tandem Baltimore & Ohio steam locomotives 7618 (2-8-8-4)and 5304 (4-6-2) lead a passenger car, freight cars and flatcars carrying antique railroad locomotives and passenger coaches in Akron Junction (Summit County), Ohio.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Akron Junction (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroads.
- 1948 July 1
- Baltimore & Ohio R.R. Cherry Street Trestle, Akron, OH
- Men pose on the Cherry Street trestle near Baltimore & Ohio steam locomotive # 1580 and a boxcar in Akron, Ohio. Automobiles are parked below the bridge.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1930-1940.; Akron (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Parking lots.; Railroad bridges.; Railroad employees.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroads.; Trestles.
- 1937 June
- Baltimore & Ohio R.R. derailment, engine 4247, wrecking derrick X41, Akron, OH
- View of Baltimore & Ohio steam locomotive no. 4247 and wrecking derrick X-41 in Akron, Ohio. The derrick lifts a gondola car after a derailment while a railroad crew looks on.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Akron (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Hoisting machinery.; Railroad accidents.; Railroad locomotives.
- 1947 August 27
- Baltimore & Ohio R.R. Millerstown, OH. #3109 - 3140 (eng. #'s)
- Baltimore and Ohio steam locomotives #3109 and #3140 are stopped at a water tank in Millerstown (Champaign county), Ohio. Locomotive #3109 takes on water, a man stands on the tender and holds the water pipe.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Millerstown (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives.; Water tanks.
- 1947 August 30
- Baltimore & Ohio R.R. excursion train engine 5175, Ohio?
- A Baltimore & Ohio excursion train led by steam locomotive # 5175 stops in a rocky railroad cut , possibly in Ohio. Passengers stand on top of the cut and near the locomotive.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1930-1940.; Passengers.; Railfans.; Railroad cuts.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroads.; Rock formations.
- 1939 October 15
- C & O eng. 3022 (2-10-4), on freight, south, Columbus, OH, Little Miami crossing
- A Chesapeake & Ohio freight train, led by steam locomotive # 3022, crosses a steel trestle over the Little Miami River in Columbus, Ohio. An industrial building in the distance has a sigh that reads: "Belmont Caskets Lead Coated Steel."
- Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Columbus (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Little Miami River (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad bridges.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroads.; Trestles.
- 1940 May 5
- C & O engine 7754 (0-8-0) on local freight south at Greenlawn, Columbus, OH
- Chesapeake & Ohio steam locomotive 7754 with a consist of freight cars travels past an steep embankment, buildings and houses in the Greenlawn area of Columbus, Ohio. Shows multiple railroad tracks and utility poles.
- Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Columbus (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Little Miami River (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroads.
- 1940 June 16
- Mine, Gold Creek
- View of a mine near the ghost town of Ohio (Gold Creek, Ohio City) in Gunnison County, Colorado. Shows a shaft house and an adjacent building with corrugated tin roofs, a tipple, tailings and a log retaining wall.
- Ohio (Colo.)--1960-1970.; Abandoned mines--Colorado--Ohio--1960-1970.; Mine buildings--Colorado--Ohio--1960-1970.
- 1967
- Ohio Mining Accidents : 1886-1914
- Index of mining accidents in Ohio between the years 1886 and 1914. Index is an alphabetical list by miner’s name for fatal and non-fatal mine accidents.
- Ohio--Genealogy.; Mine accidents--Ohio--Indexes.; Mine accidents--Ohio.; Miners--Ohio--Registers.; Ohio--Vital records.
- Municipal Facts: Volume 4 Numbers 9 and 10, 1921 September-October
- Ohio City (Gold Links)
- Machinery parts and mining equipment from the Gold Links Mine, are scattered in a field near Ohio City, Gunnison County, Colorado.
- Abandoned mines--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.; Ohio City (Colo.)--1930-1970.; Mining equipment--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.; Mining--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.
- [between 1933 and 1970]
- Ohio City (Gold Links)
- Two cars are parked in front of a two-story log building built on a rock foundation, that was once used by the Gold Links Mine in Ohio City (Gunnison County), Colorado.
- Ohio City (Colo.)--1930-1970.; Abandoned mines--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.; Log buildings--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.; Mining--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.
- [between 1933 and 1970]
- Ohio City (Gold Links)
- Two cars are parked in front of a two-story log building on a log foundation, that was once used by the Gold Links Mine, Ohio City (Gunnison County), Colorado.
- Ohio City (Colo.)--1930-1970.; Abandoned mines--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.; Log buildings--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.; Mining--Colorado--Ohio City--1930-1970.
- [between 1933 and 1970]
- American Woodmen band
- African-American men and women, members of an American Woodmen's Association band, pose outdoors near an office in Cleveland, Ohio. They pose with their instruments that include drums, clarinets, trumpets, trombones, and baritones. A banner and...
- American Woodmen--People--1930-1940.; African Americans--Ohio--Cleveland--1930-1940.; Cleveland (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Bands--Ohio--Cleveland--1930-1940.; Fraternal organizations--Ohio--Cleveland--1930-1940.; Women--Ohio--Cleveland--1930-1940.
- [between 1930 and 1940?]
- New York Central R.R., 5284 4-6-4? with first section passing Berea Sta. [tion] Berea, Ohio.
- Smoke rises from New York Central Railroad Company locomotive #5284, the passenger train passes Berea Union Depot in Berea (Cuyahoga County), Ohio. An automobile and luggage carts are parked beside the stone, Gothic style building. The depot has a...
- New York Central Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Berea (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives--Ohio--Berea--1940-1950.; Railroad stations--Ohio--Berea--1940-1950.; Railroads--Ohio--Berea--1940-1950.
- 1947 October 19
- Norfolk & Western Ry. 2088 2-8-8-2 Mallet on head of freight Circleville, Ohio.
- View of Norfolk and Western Railway Company mallet locomotive, #2088 and freight cars near a passenger platform and signal tower in Circleville (Pickaway County), Ohio. A man in a suit walks in the railroad yard. Shows automobiles and commercial...
- Norfolk and Western Railway Company--1930-1940.; Circleville (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Railroad locomotives--Ohio--Circleville--1930-1940.; Railroad shops & yards--Ohio--Circleville--1930-1940.; Railroad signal towers--Ohio--Circleville--1930-1940.
- 1939 March 25
- Pittsburgh Lisbon & Western R.R. near Lisbon, Ohio, motor car #22 on Elkton Bridge 997' long.
- A Pittsburgh, Lisbon & Western Railroad motor car is on the Elkton Bridge, a trestle over possibly Little Beaver Creek, near Lisbon in Clark County, Ohio. A woman in a dress poses beside an automobile on the dirt road in the valley.
- Pittsburgh, Lisbon & Western Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Clark County (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad bridges--Ohio--Clark County--1940-1950.; Railroad motor cars--Ohio--Clark County--1940-1950.; Trestles--Ohio--Clark County--1940-1950.
- 1941 June 19
- Pullman Company car named "Butler" Columbus, Ohio.
- A Pullman Company passenger car is on tracks beside covered passenger platforms at a railroad station in Columbus (Franklin County), Ohio. Lettering on the car reads: "Pullman" and "Butler." Shows a baggage cart and signs that read "Columbus...
- Pullman Company--1940-1950.; Columbus (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad sleeping cars--United States--Ohio--Columbus--1940-1950.; Railroad stations--Ohio--Columbus--1940-1950.; Railroads--Ohio--Columbus--1940-1950.
- 1941 April 28
- Wheeling & Lake Erie Ry. #6407 2-8-4 on freight approaching Smithville station, Smithville, Ohio.
- Smoke rises from Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway Company locomotive #6407, with a consist of freight cars, at the depot in Smithville (Wayne County), Ohio. The frame station has board and batten siding, brackets and an overhanging eave above the...
- Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway Company--1930-1940.; Smithville (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Railroad signals--Ohio--Smithville--1930-1940.; Railroad stations--Ohio--Smithville--1930-1940.; Railroads--Ohio--Smithville--1930-1940.
- 1939 April
- Wheeling & Lake Erie Ry. last northbound passenger train on W.& L.E. arriving at Mogadore, Ohio (at a distance).
- A Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway Company passenger train arrives at Mogadore (Summit County), Ohio. People stand on a platform beside a luggage cart. A woman wears a patterned dress, a hat and high heeled shoes. One man wears suspenders; another...
- Wheeling and Lake Erie Railway Company--1930-1940.; Mogadore (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Passengers--Ohio--Mogadore--1930-1940.; Railroad stations--Ohio--Mogadore--1930-1940.; Railroads--Ohio--Mogadore--1930-1940.
- 1938 July 17
- B & O Akron Jct. terminal from Erie r of w, eng. #'s 2430 and 1027 on legs of wye
- View of the Baltimore & Ohio terminal in Akron Junction (Summit County, Ohio. B & O steam locomotives # 2430 and #1027 are on a wye in the yards. Shows consists of freight cars, a water tank, railroad buildings, a storage tank and railroad bridges.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Akron Junction (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad facilities.; Railroad freight cars.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroad shops & yards.
- 1948 July
- B & O Doodlebug at Jackson, Ohio?
- Men stand outside a Baltimore & Ohio railroad depot in Ohio. A small structure near the station has the letters: "84" painted on the side. Shows a railroad semaphore signal and freight car. A warehouse is near the railroad tracks. A B & O doodlebug...
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1930-1940.; Railroad signals.; Railroad stations.; Sheds.
- 1938?
- B & O eng. #-4212 (2-8-2), very broad, pushing, Bettes Corners (Summit County), Ohio [graphic]
- Baltimore & Ohio locomotive #4212 blows smoke as it pushes caboose #C2013 and a freight car in Bettes Corners, Ohio. A refuse dump and houses are in the distance.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Knoxville, (Pa.)--1940-1950.; Railroad cabooses.; Railroad locomotives.; Refuse disposal.
- 1947 April 4
- B & O eng. 5561 coming west, from Park St. bridge passing P.R.R doodlebug Akron, OH
- A Pennsylvania Railroad self-propelled engine (doodlebug) passes a Baltimore & Ohio railroad freight train in the yards at Akron, Ohio. Houses are in the distance;snow covers the ground.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Pennsylvania Railroad--1940-1950.; Akron (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroad motor cars.; Railroad shops & yards.; Railroads.
- 1948 March 13
- B & O eng. #5658 west from Park St. bridge
- A Baltimore and Ohio freight train led by steam locomotive #5561 passes by industrial buildings and a smoke stack in Akron, Ohio.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Akron (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroad shops & yards.; Railroads.
- 1948 January 17
- B & O gas-electric cars, 6053-6123 at Bloom Jct. W.V. almost head on
- Self-propelled Baltimore & Ohio Railroad gas and electric motor car #6033 with baggage car #6173 is stopped near a signal shack in Bloom Junction (Scioto County), Ohio. The engineer leans out of the motor car.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1930-1940.; Bloom Junction (Ohio)--1930-1940.; Railroad facilities.; Railroad motor cars.; Railroads.
- 1939 January 2
- B & O Youngstown, O. 4260 (2-8-2) 5585 (4-8-2) 8 caboose
- Baltimore & Ohio Railroad steam locomotives #4260 and #5585 with caboose # 8 pass probably a petroleum cracking plant in Youngstown (Mahoning County), Ohio.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Youngstown (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroads.
- 1948 June 13
- B & O, Akron Jct., OH. R.H. 4 locos head on 2646, 2822, 4462
- Four Baltimore & Ohio steam locomotives are parked near a roundhouse and a water tank in the yards at Akron Junction, Ohio.
- Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company--1940-1950.; Akron Junction (Ohio)--1940-1950.; Railroad locomotives.; Railroad roundhouses.; Railroad shops & yards.; Water tanks.
- 1948 July